High-flow O2 therapy (HFOT), as an essential respiratory support, can avoid the high-risk burden of invasive ventilation for the patient. The authors presuppose sufficient respiratory drive and specify the following absolute contraindications:
- Gasping
- Coma
- Severe agitation
- Major retention of secretions (despite bronchoscopy)
- GI bleeding, ileus
- Haemodynamic instability
- Status post upper gastrointestinal surgery
- No spontaneous breathing
The absolute contraindications of gasping, GI bleeding and ileus also apply to non-invasive ventilation. However, with NIV, the other absolute contraindications of HFOT are considered to be of a more relative nature; the indication becomes broader as a result. The manual describes the advantages and disadvantages of each method – masks or helmet. A large part of the manual is devoted to invasive ventilation, including weaning.
Since COVID-19 leads to much more than a lung disease, the treatment pathways reflect thrombosis prophylaxis, the cardiovascular system, nutrition, a wide variety of critical situations, among others. Medical care and nursing care are closely interlinked.
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